<\/span><\/h2>\nNg\u0169 c\u1ed1c l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng anh l\u00e0 cereal<\/strong>; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0, nh\u01b0 m\u00e8, g\u1ea1o, l\u00faa m\u00ec, l\u00faa m\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1eefa v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho tr\u1ebb.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nDo \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ean trong ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\nPh\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Aloron. L\u1edbp Aloron r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u01b0 Protein ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 vitamin nh\u00f3m B.<\/span><\/p>\nL\u01b0\u1ee3ng Protein th\u01b0\u1eddng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 6% \u2013 15%. C\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i Protein ch\u00ednh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Protein c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 Albumin, Globulin, Prolamin v\u00e0 Glutelin. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Albumin c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf m\u1ea7m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Protein \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c Albumin n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u Acid amin c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt Glycin;<\/span><\/li>\n
- Globulin chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 10-20% Protei, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Protein \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc;<\/span><\/li>\n
- Prolamin: ch\u00fang chi\u1ec3m kho\u1ea3ng 30-50% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 Protein; l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Protein \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u Prolin, Acid glutamic;<\/span><\/li>\n
- Glutelin chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 25-50% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 Protein t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Prolamin v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf ph\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Thiamin dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0,4 \u0111\u1ebfn 01 mg%, Riboflavin 0,1-0,3 mg%, Niacin 1,0-04mg%. Trong c\u00e1c vitamin tan trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, c\u00f3 vitamin E v\u00e0 K; trong ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vitamin A v\u00e0 C.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>H\u1ea1t m\u00e8 (v\u1eebng)<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nH\u1ea1t v\u1eebng (m\u00e8) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0: v\u1eebng v\u00e0ng, v\u1eebng tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 v\u1eebng \u0111en. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng vitamin th\u00ec trong h\u1ea1t m\u00e8 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 bao g\u1ed3m canxi, s\u1eaft, magi\u00ea, ph\u1ed1t pho, mangan, \u0111\u1ed3ng, k\u1ebdm, ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, thiamin, vitamin B6, axit folic, protein, v\u00e0 tryptophan.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>\u00a0G\u1ea1o n\u1ebfp<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nG\u1ea1o n\u1ebfp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 n\u1ebfp c\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t si\u00eau th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vitamin E, ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, s\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1nng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>G\u1ea1o t\u1ebb<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nG\u1ea1o t\u1ebb l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i g\u1ea3o th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa \u0103n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\nG\u1ea1o t\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u00e1t, v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt, v\u00ec th\u1ebf khi d\u00f9ng g\u1ea1o n\u1ea5u ch\u00e1o tr\u1eafng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa c\u01a1n kh\u00e1t, tr\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a g\u1ea1o t\u1ebb, nh\u01b0: Tinh b\u1ed9t, Protein, Vitamin, B1, Niacin, Vitamin C, Canxi, S\u1eaft\u2026 Gi\u00fap cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calo c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>L\u00faa m\u00ec<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nL\u00faa m\u00ec hay ti\u1ec3u m\u1ea1ch, t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Triticum (spp), thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd L\u00faa (h\u1ecd h\u00f2a th\u1ea3o – Poaceae). H\u1ea1t l\u00faa m\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ed9t m\u00ec trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1nh m\u00ec; m\u00ec s\u1ee3i, b\u00e1nh,\u2026 Hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean men \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bia r\u01b0\u1ee3u hay nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1eadu xanh, \u0111\u1eadu tr\u1eafng, \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eadu l\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eadu H\u00e0 Lan,\u2026. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1m, ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, c\u00e1c vitamin, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u00e9o d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o..<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>Ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>1. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u00fang ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Carbohydrate cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n gi\u00e0u ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p 30% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calo trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. Gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>2. Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p protein th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nProtein r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta v\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein trong m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1c protein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u1ee5n, m\u00e1u, da v\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1eafp. Do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y gi\u00fap gia t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>3. B\u1ed5 sung kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nNh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0: sunfat, phot pho, magie, kali v\u00e0 canxi. T\u00f9y v\u00e0o t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\nL\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t: gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng; ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a enzyme; th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1m, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>4. H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ung th\u01b0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nTrong ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ean phytosterol ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n estrogen th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 \u1edf v\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ung th\u01b0 ru\u1ed9t k\u1ebft do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e0u ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>5. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u00e1o b\u00f3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u00fang ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m cellulose, pectin v\u00e0 hemiaellulose. \u0102n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\nCh\u00fang l\u00e0m cho ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111i v\u1ec7 sinh tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>6. T\u0103ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u vitamin \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m vitamon B, nh\u01b0 B1, B2, B3, B6; c\u00e1c axit nh\u01b0 pantothenic (vitamin B5), axit paraaminobenzoic (PABA) v\u00e0 folic (vitamin M)…<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>7. Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho tr\u1ebb em. Trong ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a Amylase l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t enzyme c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a tinh b\u1ed9t. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra enzyme n\u00e0y s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\nCh\u00fang mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho tr\u1ebb trong m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh l\u00fd b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>8. G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tr\u0129<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nH\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 cao n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft nhu \u0111\u1ed9ng ru\u1ed9t, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\nTho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e1o b\u00f3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ee3i khu\u1ea9n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, tr\u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u b\u1ecb c\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u01b0ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tr\u0129 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>9. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u0103ng c\u00e2n<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\nDo khi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ch\u00fang b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c no v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3i. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00e8m \u0103n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>10. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tim<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n